Makanika wese akamboashandisa, asi vazhinji havazivi kuti kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemawashers, akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvipi, uye kuti angaashandisa sei nemazvo. Mumakore apfuura, takagamuchira mibvunzo yakawanda maererano nemawashers, saka chinyorwa chehunyanzvi chinopa ruzivo nezvemidziyo iyi yehardware chakanonoka.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura takakurukura nezvehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvisungo zvinoshanda zvakanyanya neAutomotive Racing Products, Inc. (ARP), tichinyatsovhara mativi enyaya yacho. Yava nguva yekuremekedza chikamu chezvisungo chinowanzoonekwa sechisina basa, muchina wekuwachisa unozvininipisa.

Mundima dzinotevera, tichataura nezvema washers, mhando dzakasiyana dze washers, zvavanoita, magadzirirwo azvo, kupi uye nguva yekuashandisa - uye hongu, tichatokurukura kana washers dzakakodzera kana kwete.

Kazhinji, muchina wekuwachisa iplate yakaita sedhisiki, yakaita sewafer ine buri pakati. Kunyange hazvo dhizaini yacho inganzwika seyechinyakare, muchina wekuwachisa unopa basa rakaoma. Unoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuparadzira mutoro wechinhu chinosungirirwa neshinda, senge bhoti kana chivharo.

Dzinogonawo kushandiswa senzvimbo dzinoparadzanisa zvinhu — kana mune dzimwe nguva — dzinogona kushandiswa sepedhi rekupfeka, mudziyo wekukiya, kana kutoshandiswa kuderedza kudedera — semuchina wekuwachisa rabha. Dhizaini yemuchina wekuwachisa ine dhayamita yekunze yakakura zvakapetwa kaviri kupfuura dhayamita yemukati memuchina wekuwachisa.

Kazhinji zvinogadzirwa nesimbi, mawasher anogonawo kugadzirwa nepurasitiki kana rabha — zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwayo. Mumichina, majoini ane mabhaudhi emhando yepamusoro anoda mawasher esimbi akaomeswa kudzivirira kupinda mukati mejoini. Izvi zvinonzi Brinelling. Kupindana uku kudiki kunogona kutungamira mukurasikirwa nekuiswa kwechinhu chinosungirirwa, kurira, kana kudedera kwakanyanya. Sezvo mamiriro acho achienderera mberi, kufamba uku kunogona kukurumidza kuita kumwe kusakara kunowanzotsanangurwa sekupwanyika kana kutsemuka.

Michina yekuwachisa inobatsirawo kudzivirira ngura yegalvanic, chirwere chinoitika kana dzimwe simbi dzikagumhana. Imwe simbi inoshanda seanode, uye imwe se cathode. Kuti ideredze kana kudzivirira izvi kubva pakutanga, muchina wekuwachisa unoshandiswa pakati pebhoti kana nati nesimbi yakabatana.

Pamusoro pekugovera zvakaenzana kumanikidzwa pamusoro pechikamu chiri kusungwa uye kuderedza mikana yekukuvadza chikamu, mawashers anopawo nzvimbo yakatsetseka ye nati kana bhoti. Izvi zvinoita kuti jointi yakasungirirwa isakwanise kusunuruka zvichienzaniswa nenzvimbo isina kuenzana yekusunga.

Kune mawasher akakosha akagadzirirwa kupa chisimbiso, nzvimbo yemagetsi yekudzika, kurongedza chisungo, kubata chisungo, kudzivirira kupisa, kana kupa kumanikidzwa kweaxial kune joint. Tichakurukura muchidimbu mawasher aya akakosha muchinyorwa chiri pazasi.

Taonawo nzira mbiri dzekushandisa washers zvisina kunaka sechikamu chejointi yakasungirirwa. Pave nenguva dzakawanda apo makanika emuti wemumvuri akashandisa mabhaudhi kana nzungu diki zvakanyanya padhayamita yechikamu chavari kubatanidza. Muzviitiko izvi, washer ine dhayamita yemukati inokodzera bhaudhi, asi, haibvumiri musoro webhaudhi kana nzungu kuti itsvedzerere nepakati pechinhu chiri kubatanidzwa. Izvi zvinonetsa uye hazvifanirwe kuyedzwa chero kupi zvako pamotokari yemujaho.

Kazhinji, makanika anoshandisa bhoti refu kwazvo, asi risina tambo dzakakwana, izvo zvisingabvumire kuti joini isimbiswe. Kuisa mawashers mashoma padanda senzvimbo yekuparadzanisa kusvika nati yasimba kunofanirawo kudzivirirwa. Sarudza kureba kwebhoti kwakakodzera. Kushandisa mawashers zvisina kunaka kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kana kukuvara.

Kazhinji, kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemawasher anogadzirwa pasi rose nhasi. Mamwe akagadzirirwa kushandiswa pamatanda asi mamwe akagadzirirwa kushandisa pombi dzemvura. Kana zvasvika pazvinodiwa nemotokari, nyanzvi yeR&D yeARP, Jay Coombes, anotiudza kuti kune mhando shanu chete dzinoshandiswa mukugadzirisa mota. Kune washer isina chinhu (kana flat washer), washer yefender, washer yakapatsanurwa (kana lock washer), washer yenyeredzi, uye washer yekuisa.

Zvinofadza kuti hauzowani washer yakapatsanurwa muzvishandiso zvikuru zveARP zvekubatanidza. "Zvinonyanya kubatsira nezvisungo zvidiki zvine dhayamita shoma," Coombes akatsanangura. ARP inowanzo tarisa pazvisungo zvekumhanya zvinoshanda zvakanyanya zvinoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu ane mutoro wakakwira. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemhando idzi dzewasher dzinoshanda zvinangwa zvakananga, senge washer isina kuzara ine serrations pasi.

Muchina wekuwachisa wakatsetseka ndiwo unosarudzwa pakati pemusoro webhoti (kana nati) nechinhu chiri kusungirirwa. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekuparadzira mutoro wechinhu chinosungirirwa zvakasimba kudzivirira kukuvara kwenzvimbo dzinobatana. "Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru nezvikamu zvearuminiyamu," anodaro Coombes.

Sangano reAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI) rakapa mitemo yekushandiswa kwakajairika, michina yekugezesa isina tambo inoda mhando mbiri. Rudzi A runotsanangurwa semuchina wekugezesa une kushivirira kwakakura uko kunyatsoita zvinhu kwacho kusina kukosha. Rudzi B imuchina wekugezesa wakatsetseka une kushivirira kwakasimba uko dhayamita dzekunze dzakarongwa sedzakatetepa, dzakajairwa, kana dzakafara zvichienderana nehukuru hwemabhoti adzo (dhayamita yemukati).

Sezvatakambotaura, mawasher akaoma kupfuura tsananguro iri nyore kubva kusangano rimwe chete. Kutaura zvazviri, kune akati wandei. Sangano reMainjiniya Emotokari (SAE) rinoisa mawasher asina kusimba muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana muukobvu hwezvinhu, ane dhayamita diki mukati nekunze zvichienzaniswa nesangano reUnited States Standards (USS) rakatsanangura mawashers asina kusimba.

Miyero yeUSS ndiyo mitemo yewashers dzine mainch-based. Sangano iri rinotsanangura dhayamita yewashers mukati nekunze kuti ikwane tambo dzakakora kana hombe dzebolt. Washers dzeUSS dzinowanzo shandiswa mukushandiswa kwemotokari. Nemasangano matatu achitsanangura mitemo mitatu yakasiyana yewashers dzisina kusimba, zviri pachena kuti, washers dzakaoma kupfuura chitarisiko chadzo chiri nyore chingaite kuti munhu afunge.

Sekureva kwaCoombes weARP, "Saizi nehunhu hwewasher pachayo hunofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya. Inofanira kunge ine ukobvu hwakakwana uye saizi kuti igovane mutoro nemazvo." Coombes anowedzera kuti, "Zvakakoshawo kuti washer ive yakakuyiwa yakafanana uye yakati sandara zvakakwana kune izvo zvakakosha zvine torque yakakura. Chero chimwe chinhu chinogona kukonzera kusarongeka kwekuisa zvinhu pakutanga."

Idzi iwasher dzine dhayamita yakakura kwazvo yekunze zvichienderana neburi rayo repakati. Dzakagadzirirwawo kugovera simba rekusunga, asi nekuda kwehukuru hwadzo hukuru, mutoro wacho unopararira panzvimbo yakakura. Kwemakore mazhinji, washer idzi dzaishandiswa kubatanidza mafenda kumotokari, ndosaka zita racho richinzi. Washer dzefenda dzinogona kunge dziine dhayamita yakakura yekunze, asi dzinowanzogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakatetepa.

Mawasher akapatsanurwa ane kuchinjika kweaxial uye anoshandiswa kudzivirira kusunungura nekuda kwekuzunguzika. Mufananidzo kubva ku www.amazon.com.

Mawasher akapatsanurwa, anonziwo mawasher echitubu kana kuti ekiyi, ane kuchinjika kweaxial. Aya anoshandiswa kudzivirira kusunungura nekuda kwekudengenyeka. Pfungwa iri shure kwemawasher akapatsanurwa iri nyore: Anoshanda sechitubu chekumanikidza chinhu chiri kusungirirwa uye musoro webhoti kana nati.

ARP haigadziri mawasher aya nekuti akawanda ma fasteners anoita basa guru muinjini, drivetrain, chassis, uye suspension anosungirirwa kune torque chaiyo, achishandisa simba rakakodzera rekusunga. Hapana mukana wekuti fastener isununguke pasina kushandisa chishandiso.

Mainjiniya mazhinji anobvumirana kuti muchina wekugezesa wespring — kana wakabatidzwa kusvika padanho repamusoro — uchatambanuka kusvika pamwero wakati. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, muchina wekugezesa wesplit ucharasikirwa nekusimba kwawo uye unogona kutokanganisa kurodha pasi kwakakodzera pajointi yakasungirirwa.

Mawasher enyeredzi ane maburi anotambanuka mukati kana kunze kuti arove pamusoro pe substrate kudzivirira chisungo kuti chisasununguke. Mufananidzo kubva ku www.amazon.com.

Mawasher enyeredzi anoshanda zvakafanana newasher yakapatsanurwa. Akagadzirirwa kudzivirira chisungo kuti chisasununguke. Aya mawasher ane maburi anotambanuka (mukati kana kunze) kuti arove pamusoro pechinhu chacho. Nekugadzirwa kwawo, anofanirwa "kupinza" kumusoro webhoti/nati nepasi pevhu kudzivirira chisungo kuti chisasununguke. Mawasher enyeredzi anowanzo shandiswa nemabhoti madiki nemasikuru ane chekuita nezvikamu zvemagetsi.

Kudzivirira kutenderera, uye nokudaro zvichikanganisa kunyatsoita basa rekuisa zvinhu mumidziyo, kwakaita kuti ARP igadzire mawashers akagadzirwa nesero pasi. Chinangwa ndechekuti vabate chinhu chakabatanidzwa voita kuti chive chakasimba.

Imwe washer yakakosha inogadzirwa neARP iwasher yerudzi rweinsert. Yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza pamusoro pemaburi kudzivirira kupwanyika kana kuti pamusoro pegomba kupwanyika. Mashandisirwo akajairika anosanganisira misoro yemasilinda, zvikamu zvechassis, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinonyanya kupfekwa dzinoda washer.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mafuta ekuzora ane basa guru pakurongedza zvinhu nemazvo. Pamusoro pekuisa mafuta ekuzora patambo dzechibatiso, zvinokurudzirwa kuisa mafuta mashoma pasi pemusoro webhoti (kana nati) kana pamusoro pewasher. Usambozora mafuta pasi pewasher (kunze kwekunge mirairo yekuisa ichireva zvakasiyana) nekuti haudi kuti itenderere.

Kunyatsoteerera kushandiswa kwemuchina wekuwachisa uye mafuta ekuzora chinhu chinofanira kufungwa nezvacho nemapoka ese emujaho.

Gadzira tsamba yako yenhau yaunoda uchishandisa zvinhu zvaunoda kubva kuChevy Hardcore, zvakananga kubhokisi rako retsamba, ZVEMAHARA!

Tichakutumirai nyaya dzinonakidza dzeChevy Hardcore, nhau, zvinhu zvemotokari, uye mavhidhiyo vhiki rega rega.

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